March 10, 2025
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Updated the measles section with recent statistics and a 2022 Cochrane Review.
December 15, 2023
Added references 6 through 9 that describe the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A and have investigated genetic variability in this conversion rate.
June 15, 2022
Updated the Vitamin A and Health section with long-term follow-up analyses from the AREDS2 trial.
March 23, 2022
This fact sheet was comprehensively reviewed and extensively revised.
March 26, 2021
Clarified text about retinol activity equivalents and International Units, updated the Daily Value text, linked to the new edition of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, and updated the associated text.
February 14, 2020
Updated Recommended Intakes and Sources of Vitamin A to reflect the new Daily Value and the new Nutrition Facts and Supplement Facts Labels.
October 11, 2019
Clarified text and updated conversions between IU and mcg RAE based on FDA guidance for industry.
July 9, 2019
Updated the link to USDA’s FoodData Central.
October 5, 2018
Revised paragraph in the “Recommended Intakes” section and the footnote in Table 2 to acknowledge the updated Nutrition and Supplement Facts labels and how the units for vitamin A and its Daily Value will change on these labels.
March 2, 2018
Updated Dietary Reference Intake definitions.
August 31, 2016
Added new paragraph to "Recommended Intakes" section to explain that older conversion factors from 1968 for converting between IU and mg for vitamin A and provitamin A carotenoids are used for the manufacture and addition of this nutrient to dietary supplements and foods, as well as for the labeling the vitamin A content of these products, instead of newer conversion factors issued in 2001.
